59 research outputs found

    Feeling the future: A meta-analysis of 90 experiments on the anomalous anticipation of random future events

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    In 2011, one of the authors (DJB) published a report of nine experiments in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology purporting to demonstrate that an individual\u2019s cognitive and affective responses can be influenced by randomly selected stimulus events that do not occur until after his or her responses have already been made and recorded, a generalized variant of the phenomenon traditionally denoted by the term precognition. To encourage replications, all materials needed to conduct them were made available on request. We here report a meta-analysis of 90 experiments from 33 laboratories in 14 countries which yielded an overall effect greater than 6 sigma, z = 6.40, p = 1.2 7 10 with an effect size (Hedges\u2019 g) of 0.09. A Bayesian analysis yielded a Bayes Factor of 5.1 7 10 , greatly exceeding the criterion value of 100 for \u201cdecisive evidence\u201d in support of the experimental hypothesis. When DJB\u2019s original experiments are excluded, the combined effect size for replications by independent investigators is 0.06, z = 4.16, p = 1.1 7 10 , and the BF value is 3,853, again exceeding the criterion for \u201cdecisive evidence.\u201d The number of potentially unretrieved experiments required to reduce the overall effect size of the complete database to a trivial value of 0.01 is 544, and seven of eight additional statistical tests support the conclusion that the database is not significantly compromised by either selection bias or by intense \u201cp -hacking\u201d\u2014the selective suppression of findings or analyses that failed to yield statistical significance. P-curve analysis, a recently introduced statistical technique, estimates the true effect size of the experiments to be 0.20 for the complete database and 0.24 for the independent replications, virtually identical to the effect size of DJB\u2019s original experiments (0.22) and the closely related \u201cpresentiment\u201d experiments (0.21). We discuss the controversial status of precognition and other anomalous effects collectively known as psi

    Quantum Measurement as Pragmatic Information Transfer: Observer Effects on (S)objective Reality Formation

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    Objective: In this study, quantum measurement is conceptualized as pragmatic information transfer when an intentional observer perceives motive-relevant quantum-based outcomes. Owing to the nature of pragmatic information as described in Lucadou’s Model of Pragmatic Information, this information transfer causes an observer-dependent intentional co-formation of reality and can only be scientifically documented under reduced objectivity conditions. The effects thus reflect a “sobjective” reality that occupies the space between subjectivity and objectivity. The present study was designed to find evidence for the existence of this sobjective reality. Method: A pre-registered micro-psychokinesis task involving a quantum random number generator assessed the impact of intentional observation on quantum-based stochastic outcomes under experimental variations of the applied measures’ objectivity. Results: As predicted, an intentionally congruent bias in quantum-based outcomes was observed using subjective memory data from the observations when additional objective computer-stored data were not inspected and finally erased (i.e., objectivity was reduced). Quantum randomness was confirmed in a maximum objective data collection context for both stored and memory data. Conclusion: The results indicate that pragmatic information was transferred during trial observation when scientific objectivity was reduced. The evidence for intentionally based reality formation or quantum-based random reality emergence was shown to be a function of the measurements’ objectivity levels. The data suggest the existence of a sobjective reality and that a physicalist/materialist or an intentional creation worldview depends on the presence of an intentional agent and the definition of the measurement process

    Paranormal experiences, mental health and mental boundaries, and psi

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    International audienc

    Constructions finies et constructions infinies : de l’épistĂ©mologie psychanalytique dans ses rapports Ă  la vĂ©ritĂ©

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    International audienceCe travail propose une rĂ©flexion concernant les liens entre psychanalyse, science et vĂ©ritĂ© dans le but de dĂ©gager certains principes de l’épistĂ©mologie psychanalytique, les modes de production de son savoir et la nature de ses modĂšles. Il s’agit ainsi de prĂ©ciser les Ă©lĂ©ments relatifs aux conditions du savoir analytique et les logiques spĂ©cifiques de sa dĂ©marche. Dans cette perspective, une reprise historique des Ă©volutions majeures de l’épistĂ©mologie psychanalytique est dĂ©veloppĂ©e en trois temps. Le premier temps consiste en une lecture de L’Analyse finie et l’analyse infinie et de Constructions en analyse reprenant pas Ă  pas le texte freudien. Certaines particularitĂ©s de l’approche freudienne conduisant Ă  une possible ambivalence de ses modĂšles sont relevĂ©es Ă  cette occasion. Puis une reprise des thĂ©ories de Lacan (dans un deuxiĂšme temps) et de Bion (dans un troisiĂšme temps) sont ensuite proposĂ©es afin de mettre en exergue l’évolution ultĂ©rieure des rapports entre thĂ©orie et vĂ©ritĂ© dans le champ analytique. Plusieurs concepts de Bion (fonction alpha, fait choisi, vertex et capacitĂ© nĂ©gative) Ă©tayent plus longuement l’argumentation. Une synthĂšse propose enfin, Ă  partir de ces diffĂ©rents Ă©lĂ©ments, de considĂ©rer la psychanalyse comme une science de la subjectivitĂ© de nature hybride qui Ă©vite aussi bien l’écueil du rĂ©ductionnisme qu’une hermĂ©neutique entiĂšrement relativiste, tout en tolĂ©rant un certain rapport agnostique au rĂ©el. L’épistĂ©mologie psychanalytique procĂšde ainsi d’une spirale hermĂ©neutique dont l’émergence dĂ©coule de la capacitĂ© Ă  tolĂ©rer une tension dialectique entre rĂ©alisme clinique et interprĂ©tation heuristique

    L’entretien clinique avec l’adolescent

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    De l'art oratoire en milieu universitaire, entre psychanalyse et neurosciences cognitives

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    International audienceL’enseignement universitaire est un art oratoire, subtil et complexe, auquel la formation acadĂ©mique ne prĂ©pare souvent que partiellement. Le jeune universitaire se trouve ainsi confrontĂ©, en particulier lors de la dĂ©couverte des cours magistraux, Ă  une pratique aussi passionnante qu’exigeante. AprĂšs avoir dĂ©gagĂ© certaines difficultĂ©s frĂ©quemment rencontrĂ©es par les enseignants Ă  l’universitĂ©, je proposerai quelques rĂ©flexions ayant trait aux particularitĂ©s de la pĂ©dagogie en milieu universitaire Ă  partir de plusieurs concepts issus de la psychanalyse. Je me tournerai ensuite vers la psychologie cognitive et les neurosciences cognitives afin de souligner les connaissances acquises en ces domaines participant Ă©galement de l’élaboration des enseignements. Cela nous conduira aux Ă©volutions actuelles des pratiques enseignantes inspirĂ©es par l’active learning et un certain nombre d’astuces dĂ©couvertes au fil des annĂ©es visant Ă  perfectionner l’enseignement sous forme de cours magistral interactif

    Prise en charge clinique des expériences exceptionnelles

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    International audienc

    Review of la connaissance supranormale by EugĂšne Osty (1874-1938) : the history of psychical research

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    Jean Renoir, ses environnements, sa créativité

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